Research Proposal On Us Agricultural Crisis Free Essays

I expect to compose my paper about the persevering agrarian issues that United States ranchers are confronting today, and how these issues are profoundly attached to the absence of radical, government-started change regardless of enactments which are plugged as rancher cordial government activities and how the over a significant time span issues intensified into a situation that presents the likelihood of huge scope ranch business breakdown and horticultural end times, what Ikerd portrays as â€Å"the end of agribusiness, as we recall it, in America† (2002). Proposal Farmers working in US ranches like John Reifsteck are giving empowering appraisal of the year’s yields, ‘It’s been a decent reap on my homestead, and my neighbors have additionally done well’ (2007). Others may give the equivalent indistinguishable examination when posed a similar inquiry. We will compose a custom paper test on Exploration Proposal On Us Agricultural Crisis or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Be that as it may, as opposed to the irregular and arbitrary cases of balanced out or potentially improving cultivating incomes the nation over and promising turnout of the two harvests and deals in the market, the US horticulture all in all has been reliably bombarded by monetary and money related concerns which are cause basically by the absence of government activity that can ensure the ranchers, their homesteads and their general business premiums from outer factors outside their ability to control. Toward the finish of 2007, the 2007 United States Farm Bill, which proposes among others the kept financing of neighborhood ranchers and their undertakings, confronted numerous pundits and reactions over what is by all accounts extended effect that in the long run leads from the general interests of ranchers in light of inside governmental issues and the appropriation apportioning nature of the bill which is like recently enacted bills. With pundits on one side and persuasive force players on the opposite side, conventional ranchers are left unaffected and independent by the US government, relinquished to endure a similar arrangement of cultivating related issues that working class ranchers are troubled with for almost a century now. The vehicle that is intended to pipe government assets towards the necessities of ranchers in the US ought to be reexamined to check whether genuine activities are being never really homestead and cultivating related issues and simultaneously if the channels go straight towards its proposed target or pour in elsewhere so the administration can have a full evaluation of the extent of the issue and from that point take helpful activities to fix the decaying US agrarian funnel line. Supporting Arguments I. Disappointment of ranchers to encounter financial improvement during the twentieth century A. The financial downturn of American ranchers happening from 1920 to 1940 and rehashing on 1952 until 1972. B. The finish of the Golden Age of Agriculture in 1900. C. The food blacklists during 1973 II. Restricted Government activity on agrarian and ranch related issues A. Slow institution of horticulture related enactment B. Gigantic holes in years to correct existing horticulture laws C. Constrained assets dispensed by the legislature for food and horticulture III. Debates encompassing the 2002 US Farm Bill A. Seen qualities that conflict with World Trade Organization understandings. B. Danger of overproduction because of the order of the enactment into law. C. Effect of Subsidy on advertise costs D. Job of overproduced corn in the spread of e coli IV. Barriers of 2007 US Farm Bill A. Claimed by WTO as forestalling reasonable rivalry B. Effect results to billions worth of exchange sanctions from different nations C. Under danger of veto from the US president D. Involves significant expenses Bibliography Bjerga, Alan. Senate Approves Farm Bill Over Bush Veto Threat. Bloomberg. com. December 14, 2007. http://www. bloomberg. com/applications/news? pid=20601103sid=aWIfSjtJmPgErefer=us Farm Economic and Financial Crisis. The Economic Crisis: Finances on the Farm. World Crisis in Agriculture. Diplomat Agricultural Research Department. Serf Publishing, Inc. 2001 http://cgca. net/serf-distributing/economiccrisis. htm Funding for Farmers. EconSouth, 2003 http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0KXG/is_1_5/ai_100962424 Hedges, Stephen J. Board OKs ranch charge that keeps appropriations. Chicago Tribune. October 26, 2007 http://www. chicagotribune. com/news/nationworld/chifarm_frioct26,1,3300139. story? ctrack=1cset=true Ikerd, John. Why Farming is Important in America. Fourth Annual Rural Development Conference. North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives, Mandan, North Dakota, February 5-7, 2002. http://web. missouri. edu/~ikerdj/papers/WhyFarming. html#_ftnref1 Panares, JOyce Pangco. UN pushes annulment of homestead exchange sponsorships. Manila Standard Today. http://www. manilastandardtoday. com/? page=politics2_oct19_2007 Reifsteck, John. Food and Fuel Truth About Trade and Technology Board Commentary, November 9, 2007. http://www. truthabouttrade. organization/article. asp? id=8489 USDA Budget Summary 2006. Ranch and Foreign Agriculture Services. http://www. usda. gov/office/obpa/Budget-Summary/2006/06. FFAS. htm The most effective method to refer to Research Proposal On Us Agricultural Crisis, Essays

Tundra Land Biome Description and Characteristics

Tundra Land Biome Description and Characteristics Biomes are the universes significant territories. These natural surroundings are distinguished by the vegetation and creatures that populate them. The area of every biome is dictated by the provincial atmosphere. The tundra biome is portrayed by very cool temperatures and treeless, solidified scenes. There are two kinds of tundra, the ice tundra and the high tundra. Key Takeaways: Tundra Biome The two sorts of tundra, ice and snow capped, have unmistakable differencesArctic tundra locales are situated between coniferous woodlands and the north post, while high tundra areas can be anyplace on the planets high elevationsArctic tundra vegetation is for the most part restricted because of various ungracious conditions.Tropical high tundra vegetation comprises of an assortment of short bushes, grasses, ​and perennialsAnimals that live in tundra districts are remarkably fit to persevere through the brutal conditions Tundra The ice tundra is situated between the north post and the coniferous woods or taiga locale. It is portrayed by very chilly temperatures and land that remaining parts solidified all year. Ice tundra happens in cold peak locales at extremely high rises. Snow capped tundra can be found in high heights anyplace on the planet, even in tropic districts. Despite the fact that the land isn't solidified all year as in ice tundra areas, these terrains are regularly canvassed in snow for the vast majority of the year. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hJEkko9faVklbsikDFTtjtE4X3c=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/permafrost-5a707a7c3de423003866e66c.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/LP1Dpf7fe_VGPj-lz07UqDdp00k=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/permafrost-5a707a7c3de423003866e66c.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/smdcyvbuSVCLLnUg7pDonHlFY=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/permafrost-5a707a7c3de423003866e66c.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Vb-nT8LU49-NxbKLRnO1ab9TNM4=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/permafrost-5a707a7c3de423003866e66c.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/3E8eX5zWThwnT7pU3P9XwJFHOEc=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/permafrost-5a707a7c3de423003866e66c.jpg src=//:0 alt=Permafrost class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-8 information following container=true /> This picture shows permafrost softening in the cold locale of Svalbard, Norway. Jeff Vanuga/Corbis/Getty Images Atmosphere The ice tundra is situated in the outrageous northern half of the globe around the north shaft. This zone encounters low measures of precipitation and amazingly cool temperatures for the greater part of the year. The ice tundra regularly gets under 10 crawls of precipitation for every year (generally as day off) temperatures averaging beneath short 30 degrees Fahrenheit in winter. In summer, the sun stays in the sky during the day and night. Summer temperatures normal between 35-55 degrees Fahrenheit. The high tundra biome is likewise a cool atmosphere district with temperatures averaging underneath freezing around evening time. This region gets more precipitation during the time than the cold tundra. The normal yearly precipitation is around 20 inches. The vast majority of this precipitation is as day off. The snow capped tundra is additionally a blustery zone. Solid breezes blow at speeds surpassing 100 miles for each hour. Area A few areas of ice and snow capped tundra include: Ice Tundra North America - Northern Alaska, Canada, GreenlandNorthern Europe - ScandinaviaNorthern Asia - Siberia Snow capped Tundra North America - Alaska, Canada, U.S.A., and MexicoNorthern Europe - Finland, Norway, Russia, and SwedenAsia - Southern Asia (Himalayan Mountains), and Japan (Mt. Fuji)Africa - Mt. KilimanjaroSouth America - Andes Mountains Vegetation <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/2O93EvBJAhfn9twtEq7WyQQ-UWA=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/alaskacottongrass-5bfc8c2fc9e77c0051939db6.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/pwwi5MPLxbBiBBcG6O1sOTzYQSE=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/alaskacottongrass-5bfc8c2fc9e77c0051939db6.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/_1COaQ5MtB46yxHov_kDTmRlH38=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/alaskacottongrass-5bfc8c2fc9e77c0051939db6.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/QQlZ6jbRTU5vnnNjIbEyJGfAXh4=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/alaskacottongrass-5bfc8c2fc9e77c0051939db6.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/2oJWFx6sEyD2XHfZcXThy5A5KMQ=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/alaskacottongrass-5bfc8c2fc9e77c0051939db6.jpg src=//:0 alt=Alaska Cottongrass Tundra class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-26 information following container=true /> Gold country Cottongrass. NCTC Image Library/USFWS Because of dry conditions, poor soil quality, amazingly cool temperatures, and permafrost, vegetation in ice tundra locales is restricted. Ice tundra plants must adjust to the cool, dull states of the tundra as the sun doesn't ascend throughout the winter months. These plants experience brief times of development in the mid year when temperatures are warm enough for vegetation to develop. The vegetation comprises of short bushes and grasses. The solidified ground forestalls plants with profound roots, similar to trees, from developing. Tropical snow capped tundra zones are treeless fields situated on mountains at very high elevations. Dissimilar to in the cold tundra, the sun stays in the sky for about a similar measure of time consistently. This empowers the vegetation to develop at a practically steady rate. The vegetation comprises of short bushes, grasses, ​and rosette perennials. Instances of tundra vegetation include: lichens, greeneries, sedges, enduring forbs, rosette, and predominated bushes. Natural life <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/92CgqkK9j6M1VwpIKGiIo5ZZryc=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tundra-creature 5be07ffe46e0fb0026dfda62.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hwRLzQSawgxpBk2WhUQWeIeqDzI=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tundra-creature 5be07ffe46e0fb0026dfda62.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/e42blM9e_1uhglxvHmFwhpnVLa0=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tundra-creature 5be07ffe46e0fb0026dfda62.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/m8SEPVbc-eLUQX-oVK-3uN9VlhQ=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tundra-creature 5be07ffe46e0fb0026dfda62.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/LKYahK03uU7fzS2tMMMsNEc0Qcg=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tundra-creature 5be07ffe46e0fb0026dfda62.jpg src=//:0 alt=Tundra class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-32 information following container=true /> A moose in the tundra. Pursue Dekker Wild-Life Images/Moment/Getty Images Creatures of the ice and high tundra biomes must adjust to cold and cruel conditions. Enormous well evolved creatures of the ice, similar to musk bull and caribou, are intensely protected against the cold and move to hotter territories in the winter. Littler warm blooded animals, similar to the cold ground squirrel, make due by tunneling and sleeping throughout the winter. Other cold tundra creatures incorporate blanketed owls, reindeer, polar bears, white foxes, lemmings, ice rabbits, wolverines, caribou, relocating flying creatures, mosquitoes, and dark flies. Creatures in the high tundra relocate to bring down heights in winter to get away from the cold and discover food. Creatures here incorporate marmots, mountain goats, bighorn sheep, elk, wild bears, springtails, creepy crawlies, grasshoppers, and butterflies.

Which Careers Are Best for Your Brain

Which Careers Are Best for Your Brain Theories Cognitive Psychology Print How Your Career Can Influence Your Brain By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Updated on February 20, 2020 Hero Images / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Could what you do for a living have an influence on your mental acuity and acumen as you age? According to the results of one study, careers that involve more mental complexity may help protect your brain from declines in cognitive abilities (such as thinking, reasoning, and remembering) as you age. People with mentally demanding jobs, such as surgeons, lawyers, civil engineers, and graphic designers, may have better memory in old age, the study indicated.?? Factors That Influence Your Cognitive Reserve Research has shown there are plenty of things people can do to protect their minds as they age. Things such as getting regular exercise, learning new things, and getting plenty of social interaction have all been linked to better cognitive abilities later on in life. Recently, research has shown that a more mentally stimulating and engaging lifestyle, including complex career choices, may also be associated with better cognitive outcomes in later life.?? The exact mechanisms behind this protective effect are not well understood. Some suggest that mental stimulation helps build up what is referred to as a cognitive reserve, which then helps protect the brain from the negative effects of aging and the pathological effects of disease. Others suggest that the same pre-existing factors that draw people to such mentally engaging activities are the same factors that protect the brain from the ravages of time and the aging process. Research on Complex Jobs According to a study published in the journal Neurology, work that invokes complexity with both people and data is associated with better cognitive functioning at age 70.?? These results, the researchers suggest, may point to a protective effect for the brain due to engaging in mentally complex careers. The participants in the study were a group of 1,066 people who are part of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936), a longitudinal study on aging. All of the participants were born in the year 1936 and most took part in the Scottish Mental Survey, an intelligence test given to 11-year-olds in 1947. The researchers classified careers by their complexity in three different areas: people, data, and things. Careers with a high complexity with people included jobs such as a doctor, social worker, lawyer, and probation officer. Jobs low in complexity with people included carpet layer and painter.Careers high in complexity with data included jobs such as musician, civil engineer, and architect. Jobs low in data complexity included such jobs as bus driver, and telephone operator.Careers high in complexity with things included jobs such as instrument maker or machine technician, while jobs low in this area included probation officer and accountant. The researchers then gathered information about the 70-year-old participants’ former occupations and years of education. The participants were also given a battery of cognitive tests that included measures of memory, processing speed, and general cognitive ability (or g factor). The results revealed that those who had held occupations ranked high on complexity with people or data performed better on cognitive tests than those whose former jobs ranked high in complexity with things. The researchers also found that those who held the most complex jobs with people, data, or things performed the best across all the cognitive domains that were assessed. The Effect of IQ This effect became somewhat smaller when the experimenters factored in the participants IQ scores at age 11, an indicator of how intelligent the volunteers were to begin with. According to the research, early intelligence was the greatest predictor of abilities at age 70, accounting for about 50% of the variance. Occupations, the experimenters believe, help maintain and strengthen neural networks, adding to the cognitive reserve that protects and preserves mental abilities as people age. While it is true that people who have higher cognitive abilities are more likely to get more complex jobs, there still seems to be a small advantage gained from those complex jobs for later thinking skills, explained Dr. Allan Gow of The University of Edinburgh and one of the studys co-authors.?? The authors noted, however, that their categorization of careers based on complexity was based on national survey data that might not accurately reflect the unique complexity of each individuals occupation. Self-report measures, the researchers suggested, might be a more useful assessment tool. Some jobs that an outsider might see as having low complexity with people or data may actually involve a great deal of working with others and manipulating information. The study also failed to look at how long people held their former occupations and how the amount of time spent working in a complex occupation might influence future cognitive abilities. A Word From Verywell Understanding the factors that impact the aging process is important, especially as researchers strive to discover the factors that influence cognitive decline and disease as people grow older. The jobs people hold make up such a huge part of adult life, so it stands to reason that occupations might play a lasting role in mental health and cognitive abilities. By gaining a deeper understanding of the role such factors might play, experts will hopefully be able to offer better advice on the prevention of cognitive declines.

The Doctrine Of Primal Sin Essay - 1476 Words

Augustine on the doctrine of primal sin focuses on the downfall of Lucifer, and whether or not he foreknew there would be consequences in turning away from God. However, it is arguable that Lucifer did foresee his coming downfall. Because his intentional actions in turning away from God goes against his angelic nature, which means he had to deliberately had to deprive himself of the greatest of goods, and actively pursue misery. For Lucifer perversely chooses to abandon all that is good by turning away from God, and towards what is contrary of Him, which is nothingness. That in which, on behalf of Augustine, I will argue that Lucifer did foresee the coming of his downfall. For Lucifer chose to bolster the vices of his will, which became the very means of degenerating his angelic nature. Consequently, this means Lucifer intentionally pursued what is contrary to the God, thus leading to his fall. In behalf of Augustine, it is arguable that Lucifer foreknew his actions in rebelling against God was going to bring about a particular consequence. For it is significant to understand the development of the vices which enables Lucifer to fall. For Augustine explains in book 12, chapter 1; all Angels recognize a common good in their nature which is to cleave to God. However, in order for Lucifer to turn away from the divine graces of God, he must then deny his angelic nature. For the act of rejecting his angelic nature, originates from the particular good bestowed by God. Because itShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of Original Sin1537 Words   |  7 PagesProtestant Reformation. Regarding original sin and hamartiology, Augustine is the fountainhead, for both Protestant and Roman Catholic’s; however, he was not the originator of the doctrine. Depicting humankind’s solidarity with Adam preceded the teaching of Augustine, but none discussed humanity’s willful complicit y in Adam’s sin as vividly and thoroughly. Imperative to understanding the doctrine of original sin is establishing the distinction between evil and sin, being cognizant not to conflate theRead MoreWhat is the Meaning of Being Human?849 Words   |  3 Pagesand outlining their similarities and differences on what these two philosophers feel is the meaning of being human. Saint Augustines Doctrine of Original Sin and Immanuel Kants Categorical Imperative are two separate methods for taking a gander at evil. Both philosophers’ theories are different to a certain extent, Kant actually chooses to reject Augustines Doctrine totally however there are still a few likenesses between the two. Where Augustine believes that humankind is evil in light of the issuesRead MoreReligion in Hamlet Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pagesneither in Heaven nor Hell, and that during the night he is able to leave, but during the day he is stuck in purgatory until he has paid for his sins (Shakespeare 1.5.10-13). Purgatory, part of the doctrine of the Catholic Church, is believed to be the place where souls go after the body is dead. In purgatory the soul is able to compensate for its sins it had not confessed and earn its way into Heaven. At first this idea of purgatory may not seem crucial to the play, but a closer analysis provesRead MoreAnalysis Of Charles Finney s The Reality Of Free Will 1422 Words   |  6 PagesLane describes Charles Finney as one of the early Evangelicals. Born in 1792, he began preaching and later holding unconventional revivals in 1824. Finney stressed the reality of free will, meaning that man has a choice in the matters of sin. â€Å"God tells us what is right and threatens us with sanctions, but the choice is ours† (pp. 253-254). The weakness of Evangelical approach, according to Lane, is that the evangelist tries â€Å"to bring about an instantaneous decision of the will rather than a radicalRead MoreEssay about Sin and Virtue in the works of Freud and Dante1657 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of religion, Catholicism or Christianity in particular, is to show guilt or sorrow to God for ones own sins and to ask for forgiveness on Earth so when Judgment Day comes the gates of heaven will open. A follower of Christianity is expected to follow the divine doctrine (e.g. The Ten Commandments) and any deviation req uires repentance. If one does not ask for forgiveness for his sins, the common belief is that he will be sent to Hell upon death, spending an eternity in damnation. But how doesRead MoreThe Concept of Blood Atonement behind Judaism and Fundamentalist Latter Day Saints1865 Words   |  8 PagesThe idea of using blood of a living creature, (typically an animal’s) in order to blot out immorality, or better known as sin, can be traced back to the roots of primal civilization. Specifically in Judaism, the ritual started in which an animal was sacrificed in order to cover the sins of a person or multiple people. As we presently observe the traditions of Judaism we do not find any sign of animal sacrifice, with an exception of orthodox Jews. While on the other hand, Fundamentalist Latter DayRead MoreReligion : What Is Religion?2567 Words   |  11 Pagesan argument, and support that argument with evidence from our readings. A Way of progress/life goal Primal Religions= Confucianism= To become a Chun Tzu Taoism= To follow the Way and attain or maintain te. ‘‘two great sanctions: the moral requirements visible in nature and the inner conviction of what is right and wrong The eastern religions of Taoism and Confucianism, as well as, the primal religions discussed by Smith are far different than any religion I have ever known. However, I know thatRead MoreOscar Wildes The Selfish Giant: A Felicitous Ending?748 Words   |  3 Pages1888). The fact that the wounds of the child are described as of Love reinforces the notion that the child represents Jesus Christ, who was fatally wounded when he was crucified. This fact is one of the primal doctrines in Christianity, which contends that Christ died on the cross for the sins of humanity. Furthermore, when the child says he will take the Giant (who has become feeble and aged) to Paradise, this is actually a reference to Christ taking the Giant up to heaven. Therefore, despiteRead MoreIn The Future Of An Illusion, Sigmund Freud Gives A Genealogical1541 Words   |  7 Pagesmay not be able to tolerate this state and may externalize his discontent towards culture, himself, and his fellow man by destructive and vengeful means. Lastly, Freud’s interlocutor claims that religious doctrines may only be dispelled if they are replaced with an equivalent dogma or doctrine. However, none so far have been capable of suppressing the human instinct and commanding the submission t o culture like that of the religious system. He cites the short-lived and catastrophic result of theRead MoreEssay on Two Brands of Nihilism1537 Words   |  7 Pages or tried to deny, the uncertainties of what is necessarily a situated human existence. Religious doctrine is steeped in, and bounded by references to good and evil and original sin. The religious student is taught original sin, with the hopes the student will faithfully deny a human nature. Good and evil are not the approbation or prohibition against certain actions, rather, such doctrine codifies self hatred and begs the rejection of â€Å"human nature†. Christianity goes beyond a denial of

Free Will And It s Compatibility Towards Determinism

In order to weigh that the idea of free will is compatible with Determinism, it is first required to evaluate the other possibilities and beliefs of free will and examine whether we in fact, posses free will. Free will has been a topic discussed for over two millennia philosophers by the names of Rene Descartes, David Hume and many others. Throughout this essay I will argue the act of free will and it s compatibility towards Determinism, and briefly reviewing the counter arguments from a libertarian perspective, proceeding on by discussing my beliefs on why I believe free will is compatible with Determinism. I will also be providing supporting arguments by implementing renowned philosophers who share similar beliefs. David Hume once stated that power of acting or of not acting, according to the determination of the will: that is, if we choose to remain at rest, we may; if we choose to move, we also may.†¦ This hypothetical liberty is universally allowed to belong to everyone who is not a prisoner and in chains( qtd. In Kevin Timpe). This suggest that the act of free will depends on the ability of the user or individuals to elect their own individual actions and that the individual is considered free if he or she is not being prevented from an external obstacle from completing that course( qtd. In Kevin Timpe). David Hume methods of thinking can be linked to a philosopher by the name of Daniel Dennett who shared similar beliefs and was a known Compatibilist. In CasualShow MoreRelatedDeterminism And Its Effects On Society957 Words   |  4 PagesDeterminism claims that all events are inevitable to have certain results at the end, since conditions are met and nothing else would occur. 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Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty a nd highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-six Free Essays

Daenerys The heart was steaming in the cool evening air when Khal Drogo set it before her, raw and bloody. His arms were red to the elbow. Behind him, his bloodriders knelt on the sand beside the corpse of the wild stallion, stone knives in their hands. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-six or any similar topic only for you Order Now The stallion’s blood looked black in the flickering orange glare of the torches that ringed the high chalk walls of the pit. Dany touched the soft swell of her belly. Sweat beaded her skin and trickled down her brow. She could feel the old women watching her, the ancient crones of Vaes Dothrak, with eyes that shone dark as polished flint in their wrinkled faces. She must not flinch or look afraid. I am the blood of the dragon, she told herself as she took the stallion’s heart in both hands, lifted it to her mouth, and plunged her teeth into the tough, stringy flesh. Warm blood filled her mouth and ran down over her chin. The taste threatened to gag her, but she made herself chew and swallow. The heart of a stallion would make her son strong and swift and fearless, or so the Dothraki believed, but only if the mother could eat it all. If she choked on the blood or retched up the flesh, the omens were less favorable; the child might be stillborn, or come forth weak, deformed, or female. Her handmaids had helped her ready herself for the ceremony. Despite the tender mother’s stomach that had afflicted her these past two moons, Dany had dined on bowls of half-clotted blood to accustom herself to the taste, and Irri made her chew strips of dried horseflesh until her jaws were aching. She had starved herself for a day and a night before the ceremony in the hopes that hunger would help her keep down the raw meat. The wild stallion’s heart was all muscle, and Dany had to worry it with her teeth and chew each mouthful a long time. No steel was permitted within the sacred confines of Vaes Dothrak, beneath the shadow of the Mother of Mountains; she had to rip the heart apart with teeth and nails. Her stomach roiled and heaved, yet she kept on, her face smeared with the heartsblood that sometimes seemed to explode against her lips. Khal Drogo stood over her as she ate, his face as hard as a bronze shield. His long black braid was shiny with oil. He wore gold rings in his mustache, gold bells in his braid, and a heavy belt of solid gold medallions around his waist, but his chest was bare. She looked at him whenever she felt her strength failing; looked at him, and chewed and swallowed, chewed and swallowed, chewed and swallowed. Toward the end, Dany thought she glimpsed a fierce pride in his dark, almond-shaped eyes, but she could not be sure. The khal’s face did not often betray the thoughts within. And finally it was done. Her cheeks and fingers were sticky as she forced down the last of it. Only then did she turn her eyes back to the old women, the crones of the dosh khaleen. â€Å"Khalakka dothrae mr’anha!† she proclaimed in her best Dothraki. A prince rides inside me! She had practiced the phrase for days with her handmaid Jhiqui. The oldest of the crones, a bent and shriveled stick of a woman with a single black eye, raised her arms on high. â€Å"Khalakka dothrae!† she shrieked. The prince is riding! â€Å"He is riding!† the other women answered. â€Å"Rakh! Rakh! Rakh haj!† they proclaimed. A boy, a boy, a strong boy. Bells rang, a sudden clangor of bronze birds. A deep-throated warhorn sounded its long low note. The old women began to chant. Underneath their painted leather vests, their withered dugs swayed back and forth, shiny with oil and sweat. The eunuchs who served them threw bundles of dried grasses into a great bronze brazier, and clouds of fragrant smoke rose up toward the moon and the stars. The Dothraki believed the stars were horses made of fire, a great herd that galloped across the sky by night. As the smoke ascended, the chanting died away and the ancient crone closed her single eye, the better to peer into the future. The silence that fell was complete. Dany could hear the distant call of night birds, the hiss and crackle of the torches, the gentle lapping of water from the lake. The Dothraki stared at her with eyes of night, waiting. Khal Drogo laid his hand on Dany’s arm. She could feel the tension in his fingers. Even a khal as mighty as Drogo could know fear when the dosh khaleen peered into smoke of the future. At her back, her handmaids fluttered anxiously. Finally the crone opened her eye and lifted her arms. â€Å"I have seen his face, and heard the thunder of his hooves,† she proclaimed in a thin, wavery voice. â€Å"The thunder of his hooves!† the others chorused. â€Å"As swift as the wind he rides, and behind him his khalasar covers the earth, men without number, with arakhs shining in their hands like blades of razor grass. Fierce as a storm this prince will be. His enemies will tremble before him, and their wives will weep tears of blood and rend their flesh in grief. The bells in his hair will sing his coming, and the milk men in the stone tents will fear his name.† The old woman trembled and looked at Dany almost as if she were afraid. â€Å"The prince is riding, and he shall be the stallion who mounts the world.† â€Å"The stallion who mounts the world!† the onlookers cried in echo, until the night rang to the sound of their voices. The one-eyed crone peered at Dany. â€Å"What shall he be called, the stallion who mounts the world?† She stood to answer. â€Å"He shall be called Rhaego,† she said, using the words that Jhiqui had taught her. Her hands touched the swell beneath her breasts protectively as a roar went up from the Dothraki. â€Å"Rhaego,† they screamed. â€Å"Rhaego, Rhaego, Rhaego!† The name was still ringing in her ears as Khal Drogo led her from the pit. His bloodriders fell in behind them. A procession followed them out onto the godsway, the broad grassy road that ran through the heart of Vaes Dothrak, from the horse gate to the Mother of Mountains. The crones of the dosh khaleen came first, with their eunuchs and slaves. Some supported themselves with tall carved staffs as they struggled along on ancient, shaking legs, while others walked as proud as any horselord. Each of the old women had been a khaleesi once. When their lord husbands died and a new khal took his place at the front of his riders, with a new khaleesi mounted beside him, they were sent here, to reign over the vast Dothraki nation. Even the mightiest of khals bowed to the wisdom and authority of the dosh khaleen. Still, it gave Dany the shivers to think that one day she might be sent to join them, whether she willed it or no. Behind the wise women came the others; Khal Ogo and his son, the khalakka Fogo, Khal Jommo and his wives, the chief men of Drogo’s khalasar, Dany’s handmaids, the khal’s servants and slaves, and more. Bells rang and drums beat a stately cadence as they marched along the godsway. Stolen heroes and the gods of dead peoples brooded in the darkness beyond the road. Alongside the procession, slaves ran lightly through the grass with torches in their hands, and the flickering flames made the great monuments seem almost alive. â€Å"What is meaning, name Rhaego?† Khal Drogo asked as they walked, using the Common Tongue of the Seven Kingdoms. She had been teaching him a few words when she could. Drogo was quick to learn when he put his mind to it, though his accent was so thick and barbarous that neither Ser Jorah nor Viserys could understand a word he said. â€Å"My brother Rhaegar was a fierce warrior, my sun-and-stars,† she told him. â€Å"He died before I was born. Ser Jorah says that he was the last of the dragons.† Khal Drogo looked down at her. His face was a copper mask, yet under the long black mustache, drooping beneath the weight of its gold rings, she thought she glimpsed the shadow of a smile. â€Å"Is good name, Dan Ares wife, moon of my life,† he said. They rode to the lake the Dothraki called the Womb of the World, surrounded by a fringe of reeds, its water still and calm. A thousand thousand years ago, Jhiqui told her, the first man had emerged from its depths, riding upon the back of the first horse. The procession waited on the grassy shore as Dany stripped and let her soiled clothing fall to the ground. Naked, she stepped gingerly into the water. Irri said the lake had no bottom, but Dany felt soft mud squishing between her toes as she pushed through the tall reeds. The moon floated on the still black waters, shattering and re-forming as her ripples washed over it. Goose pimples rose on her pale skin as the coldness crept up her thighs and kissed her lower lips. The stallion’s blood had dried on her hands and around her mouth. Dany cupped her fingers and lifted the sacred waters over her head, cleansing herself and the child inside her while the khal and the others looked on. She heard the old women of the dosh khaleen muttering to each other as they watched, and wondered what they were saying. When she emerged from the lake, shivering and dripping, her handmaid Doreah hurried to her with a robe of painted sandsilk, but Khal Drogo waved her away. He was looking on her swollen breasts and the curve of her belly with approval, and Dany could see the shape of his manhood pressing through his horsehide trousers, below the heavy gold medallions of his belt. She went to him and helped him unlace. Then her huge khal took her by the hips and lifted her into the air, as he might lift a child. The bells in his hair rang softly. Dany wrapped her arms around his shoulders and pressed her face against his neck as he thrust himself inside her. Three quick strokes and it was done. â€Å"The stallion who mounts the world,† Drogo whispered hoarsely. His hands still smelled of horse blood. He bit at her throat, hard, in the moment of his pleasure, and when he lifted her off, his seed filled her and trickled down the inside of her thighs. Only then was Doreah permitted to drape her in the scented sandsilk, and Irri to fit soft slippers to her feet. Khal Drogo laced himself up and spoke a command, and horses were brought to the lakeshore. Cohollo had the honor of helping the khaleesi onto her silver. Drogo spurred his stallion, and set off down the godsway beneath the moon and stars. On her silver, Dany easily kept pace. The silk tenting that roofed Khal Drogo’s hall had been rolled up tonight, and the moon followed them inside. Flames leapt ten feet in the air from three huge stone-lined firepits. The air was thick with the smells of roasting meat and curdled, fermented mare’s milk. The hall was crowded and noisy when they entered, the cushions packed with those whose rank and name were not sufficient to allow them at the ceremony. As Dany rode beneath the arched entry and up the center aisle, every eye was on her. The Dothraki screamed out comments on her belly and her breasts, hailing the life within her. She could not understand all they shouted, but one phrase came clear. â€Å"The stallion that mounts the world,† she heard, bellowed in a thousand voices. The sounds of drums and horns swirled up into the night. Half-clothed women spun and danced on the low tables, amid joints of meat and platters piled high with plums and dates and pomegranates. Many of the men were drunk on clotted mare’s milk, yet Dany knew no arakhs would clash tonight, not here in the sacred city, where blades and bloodshed were forbidden. Khal Drogo dismounted and took his place on the high bench. Khal Jommo and Khal Ogo, who had been in Vaes Dothrak with their khalasars when they arrived, were given seats of high honor to Drogo’s right and left. The bloodriders of the three khals sat below them, and farther down Khal Jommo’s four wives. Dany climbed off her silver and gave the reins to one of the slaves. As Doreah and Irri arranged her cushions, she searched for her brother. Even across the length of the crowded hall, Viserys should have been conspicuous with his pale skin, silvery hair, and beggar’s rags, but she did not see him anywhere. Her glance roamed the crowded tables near the walls, where men whose braids were even shorter than their manhoods sat on frayed rugs and flat cushions around the low tables, but all the faces she saw had black eyes and copper skin. She spied Ser Jorah Mormont near the center of the hall, close to the middle firepit. It was a place of respect, if not high honor; the Dothraki esteemed the knight’s prowess with a sword. Dany sent Jhiqui to bring him to her table. Mormont came at once, and went to one knee before her. â€Å"Khaleesi,† he said, â€Å"I am yours to command.† She patted the stuffed horsehide cushion beside her. â€Å"Sit and talk with me.† â€Å"You honor me.† The knight seated himself cross-legged on the cushion. A slave knelt before him, offering a wooden platter full of ripe figs. Ser Jorah took one and bit it in half. â€Å"Where is my brother?† Dany asked. â€Å"He ought to have come by now, for the feast.† â€Å"I saw His Grace this morning,† he told her. â€Å"He told me he was going to the Western Market, in search of wine.† â€Å"Wine?† Dany said doubtfully. Viserys could not abide the taste of the fermented mare’s milk the Dothraki drank, she knew that, and he was oft at the bazaars these days, drinking with the traders who came in the great caravans from east and west. He seemed to find their company more congenial than hers. â€Å"Wine,† Ser Jorah confirmed, â€Å"and he has some thought to recruit men for his army from the sellswords who guard the caravans.† A serving girl laid a blood pie in front of him, and he attacked it with both hands. â€Å"Is that wise?† she asked. â€Å"He has no gold to pay soldiers. What if he’s betrayed?† Caravan guards were seldom troubled much by thoughts of honor, and the Usurper in King’s Landing would pay well for her brother’s head. â€Å"You ought to have gone with him, to keep him safe. You are his sworn sword.† â€Å"We are in Vaes Dothrak,† he reminded her. â€Å"No one may carry a blade here or shed a man’s blood.† â€Å"Yet men die,† she said. â€Å"Jhogo told me. Some of the traders have eunuchs with them, huge men who strangle thieves with wisps of silk. That way no blood is shed and the gods are not angered.† â€Å"Then let us hope your brother will be wise enough not to steal anything.† Ser Jorah wiped the grease off his mouth with the back of his hand and leaned close over the table. â€Å"He had planned to take your dragon’s eggs, until I warned him that I’d cut off his hand if he so much as touched them.† For a moment Dany was so shocked she had no words. â€Å"My eggs . . . but they’re mine, Magister Illyrio gave them to me, a bride gift, why would Viserys want . . . they’re only stones . . . â€Å" â€Å"The same could be said of rubies and diamonds and fire opals, Princess . . . and dragon’s eggs are rarer by far. Those traders he’s been drinking with would sell their own manhoods for even one of those stones, and with all three Viserys could buy as many sellswords as he might need.† Dany had not known, had not even suspected. â€Å"Then . . . he should have them. He does not need to steal them. He had only to ask. He is my brother . . . and my true king.† â€Å"He is your brother,† Ser Jorah acknowledged. â€Å"You do not understand, ser,† she said. â€Å"My mother died giving me birth, and my father and my brother Rhaegar even before that. I would never have known so much as their names if Viserys had not been there to tell me. He was the only one left. The only one. He is all I have.† â€Å"Once,† said Ser Jorah. â€Å"No longer, Khaleesi. You belong to the Dothraki now. In your womb rides the stallion who mounts the world.† He held out his cup, and a slave filled it with fermented mare’s milk, sour-smelling and thick with clots. Dany waved her away. Even the smell of it made her feel ill, and she would take no chances of bringing up the horse heart she had forced herself to eat. â€Å"What does it mean?† she asked. â€Å"What is this stallion? Everyone was shouting it at me, but I don’t understand.† â€Å"The stallion is the khal of khals promised in ancient prophecy, child. He will unite the Dothraki into a single khalasar and ride to the ends of the earth, or so it was promised. All the people of the world will be his herd.† â€Å"Oh,† Dany said in a small voice. Her hand smoothed her robe down over the swell of her stomach. â€Å"I named him Rhaego.† â€Å"A name to make the Usurper’s blood run cold.† Suddenly Doreah was tugging at her elbow. â€Å"My lady, † the handmaid whispered urgently, â€Å"your brother . . . â€Å" Dany looked down the length of the long, roofless hall and there he was, striding toward her. From the lurch in his step, she could tell at once that Viserys had found his wine . . . and something that passed for courage. He was wearing his scarlet silks, soiled and travel-stained. His cloak and gloves were black velvet, faded from the sun. His boots were dry and cracked, his silver-blond hair matted and tangled. A longsword swung from his belt in a leather scabbard. The Dothraki eyed the sword as he passed; Dany heard curses and threats and angry muttering rising all around her, like a tide. The music died away in a nervous stammering of drums. A sense of dread closed around her heart. â€Å"Go to him,† she commanded Ser Jorah. â€Å"Stop him. Bring him here. Tell him he can have the dragon’s eggs if that is what he wants.† The knight rose swiftly to his feet. â€Å"Where is my sister?† Viserys shouted, his voice thick with wine. â€Å"I’ve come for her feast. How dare you presume to eat without me? No one eats before the king. Where is she? The whore can’t hide from the dragon.† He stopped beside the largest of the three firepits, peering around at the faces of the Dothraki. There were five thousand men in the hall, but only a handful who knew the Common Tongue. Yet even if his words were incomprehensible, you had only to look at him to know that he was drunk. Ser Jorah went to him swiftly, whispered something in his ear, and took him by the arm, but Viserys wrenched free. â€Å"Keep your hands off me! No one touches the dragon without leave.† Dany glanced anxiously up at the high bench. Khal Drogo was saying something to the other khals beside him. Khal Jommo grinned, and Khal Ogo began to guffaw loudly. The sound of laughter made Viserys lift his eyes. â€Å"Khal Drogo,† he said thickly, his voice almost polite. â€Å"I’m here for the feast.† He staggered away from Ser Jorah, making to join the three khals on the high bench. Khal Drogo rose, spat out a dozen words in Dothraki, faster than Dany could understand, and pointed. â€Å"Khal Drogo says your place is not on the high bench,† Ser Jorah translated for her brother. â€Å"Khal Drogo says your place is there.† Viserys glanced where the khal was pointing. At the back of the long hall, in a corner by the wall, deep in shadow so better men would not need to look on them, sat the lowest of the low; raw unblooded boys, old men with clouded eyes and stiff joints, the dim-witted and the maimed. Far from the meat, and farther from honor. â€Å"That is no place for a king,† her brother declared. â€Å"Is place,† Khal Drogo answered, in the Common Tongue that Dany had taught him, â€Å"for Sorefoot King.† He clapped his hands together. â€Å"A cart! Bring cart for Khal Rhaggat!† Five thousand Dothraki began to laugh and shout. Ser Jorah was standing beside Viserys, screaming in his ear, but the roar in the hall was so thunderous that Dany could not hear what he was saying. Her brother shouted back and the two men grappled, until Mormont knocked Viserys bodily to the floor. Her brother drew his sword. The bared steel shone a fearful red in the glare from the firepits. â€Å"Keep away from me!† Viserys hissed. Ser Jorah backed off a step, and her brother climbed unsteadily to his feet. He waved the sword over his head, the borrowed blade that Magister Illyrio had given him to make him seem more kingly. Dothraki were shrieking at him from all sides, screaming vile curses. Dany gave a wordless cry of terror. She knew what a drawn sword meant here, even if her brother did not. Her voice made Viserys turn his head, and he saw her for the first time. â€Å"There she is,† he said, smiling. He stalked toward her, slashing at the air as if to cut a path through a wall of enemies, though no one tried to bar his way. â€Å"The blade . . . you must not,† she begged him. â€Å"Please, Viserys. It is forbidden. Put down the sword and come share my cushions. There’s drink, food . . . is it the dragon’s eggs you want? You can have them, only throw away the sword.† â€Å"Do as she tells you, fool,† Ser Jorah shouted, â€Å"before you get us all killed.† Viserys laughed. â€Å"They can’t kill us. They can’t shed blood here in the sacred city . . . but I can.† He laid the point of his sword between Daenerys’s breasts and slid it downward, over the curve of her belly. â€Å"I want what I came for,† he told her. â€Å"I want the crown he promised me. He bought you, but he never paid for you. Tell him I want what I bargained for, or I’m taking you back. You and the eggs both. He can keep his bloody foal. I’ll cut the bastard out and leave it for him.† The sword point pushed through her silks and pricked at her navel. Viserys was weeping, she saw; weeping and laughing, both at the same time, this man who had once been her brother. Distantly, as from far away, Dany heard her handmaid Jhiqui sobbing in fear, pleading that she dared not translate, that the khal would bind her and drag her behind his horse all the way up the Mother of Mountains. She put her arm around the girl. â€Å"Don’t be afraid,† she said. â€Å"I shall tell him.† She did not know if she had enough words, yet when she was done Khal Drogo spoke a few brusque sentences in Dothraki, and she knew he understood. The sun of her life stepped down from the high bench. â€Å"What did he say?† the man who had been her brother asked her, flinching. It had grown so silent in the hall that she could hear the bells in Khal Drogo’s hair, chiming softly with each step he took. His bloodriders followed him, like three copper shadows. Daenerys had gone cold all over. â€Å"He says you shall have a splendid golden crown that men shall tremble to behold.† Viserys smiled and lowered his sword. That was the saddest thing, the thing that tore at her afterward . . . the way he smiled. â€Å"That was all I wanted,† he said. â€Å"What was promised.† When the sun of her life reached her, Dany slid an arm around his waist. The khal said a word, and his bloodriders leapt forward. Qotho seized the man who had been her brother by the arms. Haggo shattered his wrist with a single, sharp twist of his huge hands. Cohollo pulled the sword from his limp fingers. Even now Viserys did not understand. â€Å"No,† he shouted, â€Å"you cannot touch me, I am the dragon, the dragon, and I will be crowned!† Khal Drogo unfastened his belt. The medallions were pure gold, massive and ornate, each one as large as a man’s hand. He shouted a command. Cook slaves pulled a heavy iron stew pot from the firepit, dumped the stew onto the ground, and returned the pot to the flames. Drogo tossed in the belt and watched without expression as the medallions turned red and began to lose their shape. She could see fires dancing in the onyx of his eyes. A slave handed him a pair of thick horsehair mittens, and he pulled them on, never so much as looking at the man. Viserys began to scream the high, wordless scream of the coward facing death. He kicked and twisted, whimpered like a dog and wept like a child, but the Dothraki held him tight between them. Ser Jorah had made his way to Dany’s side. He put a hand on her shoulder. â€Å"Turn away, my princess, I beg you.† â€Å"No.† She folded her arms across the swell of her belly, protectively. At the last, Viserys looked at her. â€Å"Sister, please . . . Dany, tell them . . . make them . . . sweet sister . . . â€Å" When the gold was half-melted and starting to run, Drogo reached into the flames, snatched out the pot. â€Å"Crown!† he roared. â€Å"Here. A crown for Cart King!† And upended the pot over the head of the man who had been her brother. The sound Viserys Targaryen made when that hideous iron helmet covered his face was like nothing human. His feet hammered a frantic beat against the dirt floor, slowed, stopped. Thick globs of molten gold dripped down onto his chest, setting the scarlet silk to smoldering . . . yet no drop of blood was spilled. He was no dragon, Dany thought, curiously calm. Fire cannot kill a dragon. How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-six, Essay examples

Prostitution misc Essay Example For Students

Prostitution misc Essay What is prostitution? Prostitution is the After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. This is from section one of the eighteenth amendment of the constitution, making alcohol illegal in the United States. To this day it is still the only amendment ever to be repealed. Why didnt prohibition work? Because you cant take away the publics right to sin and to live there lives the way they see fit. The same thing can be said for prostitution, which like alcohol consumption or gambling, is a victimless crime. Many say that one of the main reasons prostitution is illegal is because it might bring a bad element to the area that it takes place in, but if we look at other countries and cities that allow it this couldnt be further from the truth. Rollin M. Perkins author of the book Criminal Law, sites that while our government fights the war on prostitution attempting to make it completely illegal, other major countries such as England and Scotland only regulate the industry. Does this make crime run rampant in these other countries? Well Englands crime rate is significantly lower than that of the United States, in fact a recent study showed that there are more murders in New York city in one day alone, than in all of one year in England. Contrary to popular belief prostitution is illegal in only forty-nine of our countries fifty states. In Carson City and Reno Nevada prostitution is legal but still regulated. There are houses on the outskirts of these two cities often referred to as brothels in which soliciting prostitution is as legal as going out to eat for dinner. The government requires that these houses be licensed, taxed, and even given a health inspection just like a restaraunt, and once a month a government appointed official will test every employee for Aids and other major sexually transmitted diseases. Every customer must use protection, and each brothel is protected by security guards as well as video cameras on the outside of the house, to insure no harm to the customers or the girls. Now I ask what is wrong with this? Crime in these two cities is no greater than in that of any other, and while many may have moral objections to these businesses, it is still every Americans constitutional right to create there own opinion of what is right or wrong. Instead our Government has decided to continually fight prostitution even if it means ignoring its citizens right to due process. Recently a thirty-year-old Minnesota man was arrested for allegedly soliciting prostitution. Despite the fact that he hasnt even been convicted yet or even gone to trial, the St. Paul Police Department posted his name and picture on the Internet for all to see. (Which included his family, co-workers, and neighbors) Columnist Courtney Macavinta believes that this is a very controversial act: For law enforcement agencies, the Net provides a new venue to increase public awareness and deter crime through, among other things, humiliation. In addition, local newspapers increasingly publish daily stories online, including crime headlines. Still, cyberspace also makes this local information instantly global, sparking some debate over accused and convicted criminals privacy. Perhaps more significantly, the trend brings up old questions about how crime reports should be handled in order to minimize harm to those who havent been proven guilty, while making public information truly accessible. .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .postImageUrl , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:hover , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:visited , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:active { border:0!important; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:active , .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18 .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a45e7f246552b54e2555af9df918f18:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Washed out Essay The issue of public record information being put online is probably the most difficult policy decision we will face. It presents choices between privacy rights and First Amendment rights. Im not convinced that the (prostitution-related arrests) are situations in which we need to make the information global. There is a real potential for damage to a persons reputation when were talking about arrest information. Our government is completely contradicting itself. It says we have freedom of religion and to decide our own moral beliefs, as well as the right to due process. Yet when it comes to .

Future of Pakistan Essay Sample free essay sample

In the Punjab Census Report ( 1911 ) . Pandit Harikishan Kaul points out that members of the Arain folk are â€Å"mostly Muhammadans. † ( in theGlossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Denzil Ibbetson besides refers to the Arains as. â€Å"Almost to a adult male Muhammadans† ) . and as a corollary. mention is besides made to Hindu and Sikh subdivisions of the folk which make up 3 % of Arains. with 97 % Sunni Muslims. [ 6 ] Kaul besides states that the term ‘Arain’ is. â€Å"derived likely from Rain or Rahin. equivalent to Rahak ( tiller of dirt ) . † This is consistent with the Arains traditionally being chiefly associated with market-gardening. The nose count studies of 1883 and 1892 record their Hindu beginnings and affinity with the Kamboh and Saini caste groups. â€Å" Almost to a adult male Muhammadans and strongly inclined to orthodoxy the Arains came to be immigrants from Uch and have † some affinities with the Kambohs. On the other manus some of the Arain and Hindu Saini kin names are indistinguishable. We will write a custom essay sample on Future of Pakistan Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page and those non ever simply names of other and dominant folks. From Uch they migrated to Sirsa and thence into the Punjab. [ 7 ] â€Å" In Sirsa the Sutlej Arains meet those of the Ghaggar. The two do non intermarry. but the Arains of the Ghaggar † vales say they were Rajputs populating on the Panjnad near Multan who were ejected some four centuries ago by Sayad Jalal-ul-din of Uch. They claim some kind of connexion with Jaisalmer. [ 7 ] â€Å" The Sutlej Arains in Sirsa say they are. like the Arains of Lahore and Montgomery. connected by orign with † the HinduKambohs. Mr Wilson thinks it likely that both categories are truly Kambohs who have become Musalmans. [ 7 ] However. other British authors discounted this point of view since many Kambohs are besides Muslims. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Lt. Col. J. M. Wikeley. in 1915. wrote a enchiridion for the Indian Army. Punjabi Musalmans. which described the history of the people of Punjab and in which he rejected â€Å"any supposed relationship between the Kambohs and the Arains† . [ 10 ] â€Å" The karyon of this caste was likely a organic structure of Hindu Saini or Kamboh agriculturists who were converted to Islam at † an early period. Therefore in Jullundur the Arains say they came from Sirsa. Rania. and Delhi and claim descent from Rai Jaj ( grandson of Lau. laminitis of Lahore ) . who ruled Sirsa: that they were converted in the twelfth century and migrated to the Jullundar Doab about 300 old ages ago. But the Bhuttas claim descent from Raja Bhutta. fifth in descent from Raja Karn and say they were forcibly converted even earlier – by Mahmud of Ghazni – and driven from Uch. [ 11 ] Most Arain nevertheless propose descent from Arabs belonging to Muhammad bin Qasim’s expeditionary force to India. Such claims are given credance by how about all Arain are. and have been. Sunni Muslim. much like the early Arabs attach toing Muhammad bin Qasim. This averment is supported by legion mentions made in several Urdu linguistic communication texts ; Tareekh-e-Arain. Sham Ta Multan. Tareekh Frishta. Tohfa Tul Ikram and Aina-e-Haqeekat Numa. that faithfully follow the line of descent of many noteworthy Arain including Zia Ul-Haq and the celebrated Mian Family of Bhaghbanpura. Harmonizing to these beginnings. the word Arain is derived from Areeha which is the Arabic name for the metropolis of Jerichoin the West Bank. Palestinian Territory. the topographic point from where they allegedly came. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Geneticss Familial datasets taken from 25 Pakistani Punjabi Arain by Xing et al’s Human genome fluctuation survey pigments an challenging image. Preliminary surveies by the Harappa Ancestry Project of the information of the Arain group show an about indistinguishable profile to Sindhi’s ( without African alloy ) . nevertheless at that place appears to be small West Asiatic part. bespeaking any recent descent from an Arab population is improbable. [ 14 ] Interestingly this does endorse up the thought that Arain and Sindhi groups are related. so narratives of Arain migration from Sindh to Punjab may keep some truth. every bit good as the thought that Arain converted to Islam under the regulation of Muhammad bin Qasim. There are some defects in this information. it is most likely that Arain familial profiles vary harmonizing to the part and economic category of the Arains involved. This is backed up by the observation that Western Punjab Arain frequently have coloured eyes and fairer tegument than their Eastern Punjab opposite numbers. However since the creative activity of Pakistan there has been increased exogamy between the two groups making a more complex familial image. The hereditary background of the topics is non stated beyond sorting the probands as Arain. The Arain during the British Raj The British considered the Arain as a landholding ‘agricultural’ caste. When the British wanted land developed in the Punjab after its appropriation. Arain were brought in to cultivate lands around the metropoliss. and alongside the Jats were preferred to help with the opening up of the new agricultural frontier in canal settlements of the Punjab between 1906 – 1940. The Arain. all of whom were Muslims. received 86 % of the land that was allotted to Muslim agricultural castes. and were therefore the largest Moslem land holders in Punjab during British regulation. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] The Arain land holders should non be confused with the more gentrified zamindars such as the feudal Rajput landlords of huge retentions. Polo. partridge shoots and tea parties were hence non associated properties. Neither were the more negative and extravagant practises such as â€Å"†¦dancing misss. bibulous eventides listening to poetry. or legion matrimonies. . † . [ 17 ] The British considered the Arain the best agriculturists amongst all the castes. and were favoured for their â€Å"hard work. frugalness and sense of discipline† . [ 17 ] [ 18 ] Subsequent development of towns and metropoliss and increasing urbanization resulted in the value of the land settled by Arain to lift significantly. and Arain households therefore flourished. [ 17 ] Education was prioritised with the new found wealth [ 19 ] and the Arain came to rule the legal profession amongst urban Punjabi Muslims. Many used jurisprudence to come in political relations. [ 20 ] The Arain were classified as a â€Å"non-martial race† by the British. [ 21 ] a categorization deemed arbitrary and based on biass prevalent at the clip ( see Martial Race ) . It is of import to observe nevertheless Arain parts to military service preceding and during British regulation in India. Lt. Col. J. M. Wikely acknowledged Arain presence in the armed forces ; â€Å"They ( Arains ) may be designated as a combat race which has produced many Civil and Military officers who have rendered good services to the state. † [ 22 ] Their deficiency of categorization as a soldierly race was most likely a effect of rebellions against British regulation. One noteworthy rebellion occurred in the Revolt of 1857. when the Arain Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi led an inter-communal rebellion in Ludhiana against the British East India Company. [ 23 ] Related communities in North India There are a figure of communities in North India. that claim affinity with the Arain of Punjab. The Arain of Delhi claim to be descended from Arains. who settled in Delhi during the regulation of the Mughal Emperor Akbar. [ 24 ] Another community that claims a connexion with the Arain are the Rayeen are Muslim folk found in Bareilly. Pilibhit. Udham Singh Nagar. Nainital. Rampur. Bijnor and Saharanpur territories of Uttar Pradesh. India. [ 25 ] Arain Migration Like many other Punjabis. a important figure of Arain migrated after the India/Pakistan divider. With incomes chiefly based on zamindari many Arain Punjabis from the Indian Punjab struggled financially on substandard land in Pakistan taking alternatively to migrate. Arain migrated more freely than other Punjabis chiefly due to better instruction and communities can be found in many countries of Europe. Africa and North America. States with good known important Arain populations include: ? USA – with a important Numberss in Chicago and New York? Canada? UK – there is a little but active Arain community. chiefly settled in the South of England and Scotland? Norway? South Africa? Kenya Arain are known for their difficult work and dedication and it is claimed that they were swayers of Arab descent [ 10 ] . doubtless based upon the demographic that about all Arain are. and have been. Sunni Muslim. as were the early Arabs of Muhammad bin Qasim’s expedition [ 11 ] . Arain came from Areeha ( Jericho. Syria ) with Muhammad Bin Qasim in 92 Hijri ( 711 AD ) . [ 12 ] Muhammad Hayaat Madni was a Commander in Muhammad Bin Qasim’s Army – 711 AD as held in the household tree of celebrated Arain Mian Family Baghbanpura. Mention to their line of descent is made by the celebrated Indian Historian of Islam. Akbar Shah Khan Najeebabadi. who declared that they entered India thru Debal. Sindh with Muhammad Bin Qasim. He declared them Areehai from Arreha ( Jericho ) which was Punjabized with a rhinal sound to Arain. [ 13 ] Another cogent evidence of the Arain lineage being from Muhammad Bin Qassim is the word Ar-Rai significance shepherd in Arabic and that the Arain were originally shepherds in Syria who joined the Army of Muhammad Bin Qassim to suppress India. Zulfiqar Bhutto was an Arain and that was one of the grounds he made Zia-ul-Haq the general because Zia was besides an Arain. What is ‘Arain’ . is it a caste. tribe? If Zulfiqar was an Arain so how come he was besides a Bhutto. And besides what does the term ‘Jat’ mean? Please assist me to understand the differences. Thank you. The Arain ( Urdu: ) are posterities of Arab encroachers to the Indian subcontinent. Akbar Shah Khan Najeebabadi. an Indian historiographer of Islam. wrote that they entered India thru Debal. Sindh with Muhammad Bin Qasim in 92 Hijri ( 711CE ) . He refered to them as Areehai from Arreha ( Jericho ) which was Punjabized with a rhinal sound to Arain. It is believed the word Arain is derived from the Arabic name Ar-Ra’i. â€Å"The shepherd† . a rubric autochthonal to Arabia. Most Arains are really just. and many have coloured eyes. which means that they could non be of Indian ancestary. This is more true because of the fact that even today Arains don’t like to get married outside their kin. Even extremely urbanized Arains do non like to get married â€Å"outsiders† . ensuing in Arains being the purest race in the subcontinent. Arains claim Arab descent. based upon the fact that about all Arains are Sunni Muslims as was Muhammad Bin Qasim. Under the British Raj after the two Anglo-Sikh wars the Arains who were classified by the British as a non-martial race ( at that clip they were an about sole agricultural caste of Muslim husbandmans and little land holders. ) were brought into the Punjab to replace the Sikhs. who classified as a soldierly race were sought by the British as new recruits. Unlike many of the Muslims from Afganistan. who were slow to accept the alteration to the British educational system and the alteration from Persian to En glish. the Arains stressed the importance of instruction for their kids. and with the wealth gained from their difficult work they were shortly ruling the legal profession in Punjab and as attorneies have found around the universe. their move into political relation was an easy one. Arain is the Largest and most populated folk in Pakistan. ? Arains largely use the household names ( some former rubrics ) of: Chaudhry. Mian. Mehar. Malik. Ramay. Bhutta. Ghurki. Ramday. Bhutto. Sardar. Kardar. Saleemi. Hijazi. Sheikh. Shah. Shami and Alrai. Some prominant Arains ? Chaudhry Muhammad Sarwar Mehar of Ali Baig ( Retired ) Superintendent of Azad Kashmir Courts. ? Shah Inayat Qadri – A celebrated Sufi of the Qadiri order. who was the religious leader of Punjabi poets and saints Baba Bulleh Shah and Waris Shah. ? Nawab Mian Muhammad Fazil – Received the royal rubric of Nawab from Emperor Aurangzeb. ? Mian Qadir Buksh Nadir – Artillery Commander. writer of. â€Å"Muftah-ul-Qila† ( Iranian text book on scientific discipline of gunnery in eighteenth century ) . ? Mian Sahib of Nankana Sahib – Great Sufi and Spiritual Healer Having Followings Around the World. ? Mian Iftikharuddin – Congress Party member and ulterior member of the Muslim League under Mohammed Ali Jinnah. landlord and laminitis of the Imroze and Pakistan Times Newspapers. ? Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto – A Big Landlord and Prominent Politicion of Sindh. He was the Chaiman of All India Arain Convention in 1905. ? Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz â₠¬â€œ An influential politician of the Punjab in the 1920s. ? Zulfikar Ali Bhutto – Fourth President of Pakistan ( 1971 to 1973 ) and 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan ( 1973 to 1977 ) . ? General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq – The 6th President of Pakistan ( Chief of Staff Pakistan Army ) ? Benazir Bhutto – First Female Prime Minister of a Muslim Country. Two clip Prime Minister of Pakistan ( 1988-1990 ) and ( 1993-1996 ) . ? Sardar Mumtaz Ali Bhutto – 8th Governor and Chief Minister of Sindh. ? Sardar Ameer Buksh Bhutto – Vice President of Sindh National Front and besides ex-Member of Sindh Assembly. ? Justice Mian Shah Din Humayon ( 1868-1918 ) – First Muslim Judge in British India. ? Sir Mian Muhammad Shafi ( 1869-1932 ) – Member of Viceroy’s Executive Council. ? Justice Sir Mian Abdur Rasheed – First Chief Justice of Pakistan ( 1947 ) . ? Jam Raeena. Banu Sama ( from Banu Aamir subdivision of Al-i-Adnan ) Ruler of Sindh and male parent of the raeen folk in India. ? General Adina Beg Zafa r Jang Bahadar. General and Ruler of Doaba and Punjab. ? Chaudhry Muhammad Ali – Fourth Prime Minister of Pakistan. ? Mian Sher Muhammad Sharaqpuri. Great Sufi and religious leader of Indo-Pak ? Air Marshal Zafar Ahmed Chaudhry – First Chief of Pakistan Air Force. ? Lt General Faiz Ali Chishti – General of Pakistan Army. ? Wasim Akram – Ex Captain of Pakistan Cricket Team. ? Justice Mian Saqib Nisar – Supreme Court of Pakistan.? Maher Muhkum Din – Governor of Lahore During Sikh Raj.? Mohammad Hanif Ramay – Former Governor and Chief Minister of Punjab Pakistan. ? Imran Nazir – A Pakistani Cricket Player.? Mian Muhammad Azhar – Former Governor of Punjab Pakistan. ? Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi – A Freedom Fighter in 1857. His Army drove the British out of Ludhiana and Panipat. but he was defeated and killed in Delhi. ? Justice Khalil-ur-Rehman Ramday. Judge of Supreme Court of Pakistan. ? Abdul Razzaq – A Famouse Pakistani Cricketer. ? Mian Anwarul Haq Ramay – Ex Member of Parliament from Sahiwal. ? Shehbaz Ahmad. Ex Captain of Pakistan Hockey Team.? Abdul Hafeez Kardar – First Captain of Pakistan Cricket Team. Former Minister of Punjab and Pakistan’s Ambassador to Switzerland. ? Chaudhry Muhammad Farooq – Former Attorney General of Pakistan. ? Sardar Asif Ahmad Ali – Former Foreign Minister of Pakistan. His male parent Sardar Ahmad Ali and Uncle Sardar Muhammad Hussain were besides Members of Parliment from Qasur Punjab. ? Mohammad Sarwar – First Muslim Member of British Parliament. ? Sarfraz Nawaz Malik – Former Fast Bowler and Member of Punjab Assembly. ? Tahir Zaman. Ex Captain of Pakistan Hockey Team. ? Admiral Muhammad Afzal Tahir – Pakistan’s Chief of Naval Staff. ? Mian Zahid Sarfraz – Former Interior Minister of Pakistan. ? Sultan Rahi. Famouse Punjabi Film Star.? Anwar Ali – Chairman Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission. ? Farooq Yousuf Ghurki. Provincial Minister for Information and Technology of Punjab. ? Neelam Jabbar Chaudhary – Provincial Minister for Papulation Welfare Punjab. ? Mian Raza Rabbani – Former Leader of the House in Senate and Minister of Law and Justice. ? Tariq Choudhry – Ex Senater of Pakistan. ? Chaudhry Nazir Ahmed Kohastani – ( EX MNA ) . His Son Chaudhry Asim Nazir was besides MNA and Chaudhry Zahid Nazir was Dstrict Nazim of Faisalabad. ? Vice Admiral Ahmed Tasnim – The lone Navy officer of Pakistan have been Awarded Sitara-e-Jurat Twice. ? Nasim Hijazi – Famouse Urdu Writer of Islamic History Novels. ? Habeeb – Film Star. ? Muhammad Iqbal Ghurki – Former Transport Minister of Punjab. ? Lt Gen Naseer Akhtar – Ex-Corps Commander of Pakistan.? Qudrat Ullah Shahab – Former Pakistani Ambassador to the Netherlands and His Father was the Governoer of Gilgit during Dogra Rule. ? Naseem Viky. Famouse Stage Actor.? Chaudhary Abdul Ghaphoor – Ex Federal Minister and MNA from Bahawalnagher. ? Choudhary Nazir Ahmad Arain. Ex Minister of Punjab and MPA from Vihari. ? Tariq Aziz. Film and Tv Star and Ex Member of National Assembly. ? Admiral Haji Muhammad Saddiq Chaudhry. The First Pakistani Navy Commander In Chief. ? Aziz Ahmad – Former Foreign Minister of Pakistan. ? Lt Gen Ghulam Mustafa – Ex-Corps Commander and Incharge Strategic Command of Pakistan. ? Mian Amer Mehmood. Mayor of Lahore Pakistan.? Saleem Elahi – A Pakistani Test Cricketer.? Samina Khalid Ghurki – Federal Minister of Social Welfare and Particular Education. Her Husband Khalid Javed Ghurki was besides Member of Parliament and Nazim of Wahga. ? Jahangir Badar – Senator. Ex Federal Minister and Secretary General of PPP. ? Chaudhry Naseer Ahmad Bhutta – Member of National Assambly from Lahore. ? Mian Shamim Haider. Former Federal Minister of Sports and Railway. ? Pervez Malik – Member of National Assembly from Lahore. ? Mian Muhammad Zaman – Former Federal Minister and Chairman Federal Land Commission. ? Lt Gen Mian Muhammad Afzaal. Chief of General Staff ( 1989-1991 ) . ? Shafiq Arain – Former Minister and Member of Parliament in Uganda and UN Ambassador for East Africa. ? Mian Attaullah – Famous Politician Spiritual Leader and Ex Federal Minister. ? Chaudhry Assad-ur-Rehman. Former Federal Minister and Member of Parliament Three Times from Toba Tek Singh. ? Malik Mohammad Qayyum – Former Attorney General of Pakistan. ? Mian Umar Hayat. Mian Muhammad Usman. Mian Abdul Waheed. Mian Aziz u Rehman Chan. Mian Muneer. Mian Margoob Ahmad. Mian Muhammad Aslam are all Arains Members of National Assembly of Pakistan from Lahore. ? Mian zahid Sarfraz. Mian Amjad Hasin. Mian Abdul Manan – Ex Members of Parliament from Faisalabad. ? Yasmin Rehman – Member of Parliament from Lahore. ? M-Hamza – Ex Member of Parliament from Gojra.? Chaudhry Muhammad Ashfaq – Ex MNA and District Nazim of Toba Tek Singh. ? Hon Capt ( SardarBahadur ) Muhammad Ismail ( IOM. OBI ) British India Army. ? Subedar Kifayat Ullah ( IDSM ) British India Army. ? Chaudhry Badar ud Din ( PPM ) Retd DIG Police / Ex Director FIA. ? Vice Admiral Farooq Rashid – Chief of Staff Pakistan Navy ( 2004-05 ) Rector Bahria University ( 2006-09 ) . ? SHAHID HAFEEZ KARDAR. Governor of State Bank of Pakistan. ? KHALID ANWAR. Ex Federal Minister of jurisprudence and Justice of Pakistan. Chiefly settled in Pakistan and in many metropoliss of India. Punjab. Delhi. Haryana they have like many Hindus. Sikhs and Muslims of the two states spread around the universe as any hunt of the cyberspace will demo.

teen parents essays

teen parents essays 4/11/03 English 11 Teen Parents Teenage Parents I have long believed that the development of a child does not begin the day he is born - or at age three - but much earlier, during the formative years of his parents. Edward Zigler, Ph.D.,Sterling Professor of Psychology, Yale University Director, Bush Center in Child Development and Social Policy In the world every 3.5 seconds a baby is born. What many people don't know is that 2/5 of babies are bore by teenagers. The numbers are rising to. In this report I will talk about the many areas of teenage parenting. The programs, tips, facts, and other things. The ways to take care of Newborns How they may look. The first time you see your newborn, he or she may be covered in a soapy white liquid called vernix leaving the skin looking scaly. The skin may be loose and wrinkled, and your baby's skin color may be pale, even blue-gray, changing to a healthy pink after that important first cry. Your baby may be bald, or a have a full head of hair. There may be a fine light hair covering a large part of his body. Your baby may have pink patches called stork bites on the forehead or neck, and the eyes could be puffy and swollen. Breast feeding is an important part of taking care of your infant. Although it is not mandatory, it is highly recommended. Try not to take your baby outside for at least the first 3 weeks. The baby is very vulnerable to outside germs and he could even die. When holding the baby, support its head and neck. Also try to lay the baby on its back instead of its stomach. Lastly always listen to your doctor on nutrition needs; not to your friends all the time. The ways to take care of your child. ...

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

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Moodle as a communication tool in CULC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Moodle as a communication tool in CULC - Essay Example Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment or simply Moodle is an Open Source platform for e-learning. It is sometimes referred to as course management system or learning management system (LMS) which provides the basis for communication and learning tools which is created for the sole purpose of facilitating e-learning (Moodle, 2006). Given the popularity of Moodle, CULC also implemented the system across its campuses for the ease of students. Although many advantages are there of Moodle, it has been subjected to criticism as a communication tool in CULC. Critical Evaluation Moodle is an open source system which subjects it to many criticisms of being of this system. Open source systems as suggested by Petrus and Sanky (2007) are risky to implement because the modules used for such systems are not proven. It is also argued that open source software is costly to administer as it depends on continuous changing resources and evolving patches and upgrades. Such is the case wit h Moodle. Problems occur with Moodle during too much customization which makes it unable to be integrated with student information and administrations system, used as an administration model to support many departments and campuses at once, sophisticated capabilities for assessing and grading assignments and quizzes, and a complete proper software with navigating and learning materials (Cole and Foster, 2007). Moodle, on the surface, looks like an excellent learning system for CULC. Teachers and students can communicate with each other through this system. In addition, homework, assignments and quizzes can be set and completed online. The implementation of Moodle as a communication tool at CULC remains a critical issue. Any community needs followers without which it would be useless. Likewise, if no students contribute their knowledge to the discussions, the communication module of Moodle is useless. This is exactly the case in CULC. Students are not motivated to use Moodle as a com munication tool because of which forums and discussions are closed for communication by default which is a technological error in Moodle. The feature of ‘quiz module’ is sometimes used to set assignments or homework which is distracting for students. An instructor sometimes sets quizzes, announces deadlines or assignments through this module which is failure of Moodle as a communication tool (Cole and Foster, 2007). Technical issues such as the quiz can be submitted for automatic marking as many times as possible even after the limits imposed by the instructor remains problem for the Moodle operators as it is still to be tested for adequacy (Cole and Foster, 2007). The features of forums and group discussions are not so important features of the Moodle on which much emphasis has been given by the creators of it as instructors already have the email lists for the students which allows them to communicate through the email (Petrus and Sanky, 2007). In addition to this, Pe trus and Sanky (2007) also argue that resources, tutorials and documentation are not stored on the CULC Moodle which would not be so if placed on the campus websites. The major criticism that CULC Moodle has received is the underdeveloped Moodle websites and lack of time for improving the websites to provide the students with a more customized and fully functional website. Furthermore, many students are not fully adept to use the Moodle interface and prefer face-to-face communication as means of learning. Although many instructors are focusing on educating the students on the usage of Moodle, it will still take time for students to become completely adaptive to the e-learning environment (Moodle, 2006; Petrus and Sanky, 2007). So, Moodle although conceptually is a great idea to be used as a communication tool, there is still room for much improvement in terms of interfacial and technical issues as well as the way the students and

Strategic Thinking In Logic Versus Creativity Commerce Essay

Strategic Thinking In Logic Versus Creativity Commerce Essay It is mutually agreed that the converses of intuition and analysis generate tension during the strategic thinking process. Researchers and contributors to strategic management making the case for logic argue that for strategy to be effective, the strategic thinking process must involve extensive formal analyses and objective collection and processing of data both from within and without the corporation (Hill and Jones, 2007; De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Rational reasoning enables managers gain an accurate perspective on the different options available before identifying the strategic option that best serves the organisations cause: achieving its goals and objectives. Logical analysis encompasses assessing internal and external risks, strengths and weaknesses, market need and so on; so that strategy can be thought out to fit each of the above factors. In contrast to logical thinking, creative thinking involves taking a leap of imagination (De Wit and Mayor, 2010, p. 60) without any logically defined reason for taking such a leap. Creative thinking is a divergence from the rules governing rational argumentation towards problem-solving. Strategic thinking from this perspective is therefore not governed by previous arguments or analyses, but is the generation of action plans using intuition (Hill and Jones, 2007). The strategy thinker will use intuitive judgement to derive a vision for the future. Proponents of this approach argue that it is the best way to define problems and generate innovative solutions since rationality has the potential to frustrate the process of generating novel insight, which, they say, should be the objective of strategic thinking (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). See (appendix A) Apple Inc. case study. Strategic Formation: Is strategy deliberate or emergent? From the dichotomy of rational versus creative thinking, the paradox of strategy deliberateness versus emergency arises. The deliberate doctrine opines that strategy creation ought to follow a coherent series of steps, a coordination of efforts, strategic resource allocation and utilisation and a prior, systematic programming of all processes and activities in the organisation (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Strategy is a deliberate, systematic attempt to achieve fit between an organizations internal and external strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities (Sadler and Craig, 2003). The paradox of deliberateness and emergence comes courtesy of the cognitive school of thought. Managers who prefer logic in strategic thinking certainly believe that strategy formation is a deliberate process; whereas those who prefer intuition would go for the opinion that strategy formation is an emergent process. Managers who believe in emergence understand the process of strategy formation as anchored in an organisations capacity and willingness to stay open to new opportunities or trends, maintaining flexibility to changes in the internal and external environment being able to cognitively discern emerging ideas and concepts and the socio-political and cultural factors; and acting in response (Clegg et al., 2005; De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Strategy thus becomes a reactive process. The deliberate school of thought maintains that strategy has to be crafted; that responding to internal and external factors cannot solely be used to provide an organisation with a roadmap for achieving i ts objectives and realising its vision. See (appendix B) United Parcel Services (UPS) case study. Strategy Renewal: Is change Discontinuous or Evolutionary? Organisational change is an integral element of the strategy process. Strategy aims to outline an organisations plan for achieving its objectives. Sometimes, there are abrupt changes in the internal and external environment, shifts in production or project implementation life-cycles or changes in organisation dynamics (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). With such eventualities, the organisation has to renew its strategy. The paradox of revolution (discontinuous change) and evolution (continuous change) is occasioned by the two approaches to strategic renewal. Continuous change advocates for an evolutionary approach in increasing productivity and operational efficiency (Watson, 2000). Continuous change is feasible with emergent strategy formation since change motivators are everyday observed changes or trends in the internal and external environment. On the contrary, discontinuous (revolutionary) change involves performing a radical surgery to an organisations strategy. Unlike evolutionary strategic change, discontinuous change does not involve continual improvement of an organisations corporate strategy: strategic renewal is achieved by making distinct transformations from one strategic approach to another (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Whether strategic renewal is achieved through revolutionary or evolutionary change is dependent on specific factors. In project management for example, revolutionary change is a suitable approach since typically, projects have predefined implementation timelines and budgets (Whittington, 2000). Continuous change becomes appropriate when the organisation undergoing change wants to maintain or improve its operational efficiency and competitive advantage in the long run. However, when organisations continuously evolve their strategies to maintain a competitive advantage, increase productivity and operational efficiency, counter the effects of changes in the external and external environment and meet changing customer or client requirements, revolutionary change is still unavoidable (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Every once in a while, an organisation has to initiate revolutionary changes, processes and projects that wholly transform their strategic outlook and business processes. See (Append ix C) Ferrari case study. Conclusion From the analysis done in this report, it is evident that strategy dichotomies or the paradoxes arising from strategic thinking, strategy formation and strategy renewal are closely interrelated. They arise due to the diversity in the contexts with which strategy is interpreted and understood. Effective corporate strategising, it appears, must be conducted by applying opposing perspectives alongside each other. For example, some specific case may call for a combination of logical and creative thinking in strategy formation whereas others may call for logic only (Clegg et al., 2005). Effective managers should be able to identify which approach will be most effective for each specific case.